Treatments are aimed at relieving bothersome symptoms. That means that the complexity of treatment should reflect how bothersome the problem is. A range of treatments are available:

​

Expectant management: This is appropriate for women who are not bothered by their symptoms. Sometimes minor symptoms will get worse with time, but they also may improve.

 

Conservative management: There are a variety of conservative treatments available.  These include behavioural therapy, devices, physical therapy, and drugs. Many women will find relief with conservative management, which is why it is usually recommended as a first step.

 

Surgical management: Surgery is another choice for very bothersome symptoms, especially those that do not respond adequately to conservative treatments. The approach to surgery and its ability to cure symptoms depends on the nature of the symptoms and their severity.

​